TCP and UDP have ports. These are 16 bit; there are 65535 or so per IP address. These protocols don't care to differentiate between the ports. Elsewhere, IANA presumes to operate a process to allocate "well-known" ports in the range 1-1023, "registered ports" in the range 1024-49151, and to reserve the remainder, 49152–65535, for "ephemeral" ports. The caller end has to have a port, which is how replies get back within the virtual connection, and these are conventionally picked from the ephemeral range by the OS's networking stack. The whole idea of ports is ridiculous, because it allows ISPs to arse around presuming to decide which services they will "not allow". Anything that allows IPSs to do anything other than shift opaque packets will allow ISPs to meddle and break things, and due to the Law of Meddling, if they can, they will. I am currently working around an issue with Claro, a pretend ISP, blocking port 5060, allocated to SI...
some people have been wittering on about “AI”, as though it’s this or that. according to derpawerp, they are even going to take over the world. i asked one what’s the third-most populous city in new zealand, and it said something implausible. it then claimed auckland was the second-most populous. immediately after, it said auckland was the most populous, but didn’t notice its mistake. i had to “prompt” it, by asking whether the same city was really the first and second most populous. at which point, of course, “you’re absolutely right”. but it continued, with a straight face, making not just incorrect, but blatantly incoherent, claims about city population rankings. these word salads don’t just fail on basic facts, they lack the self-awareness to pick up on themselves when, according to themselves, they are being ridiculous. one was bugging me for pictures ideas, so i said draw a projection of new zealand onto northern hemisphere, flipping latitudes and lining up the other axis wi...
This is something I tried and failed to explain to a Computer Science graduate some years ago. The Computer Science graduate assumed I was trying to make a point about seconds difference between UTC and GMT. No. I hope this doesn't count as slop, but Gemini can put it pretty well: User Question 1 what is the conceptual difference betwen a timezone and an offset AI Response 1 While they both help us tell time across the globe, a time zone and an offset are fundamentally different concepts. An offset is a static mathematical calculation, while a time zone is a dynamic geographic region governed by local laws. What is an Offset? An offset is the exact amount of time added to or subtracted from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) to get the local time. Format: It is always expressed as a plus or minus sign followed by hours and minutes (e.g., +01:00 or -05:00). Nature: It is purely digital and mathematical. Limitation: It does not account for daylight saving time (DST) o...
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